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December 18, 2009 by Peter Maclennan Leave a Comment

Bay Area Real Estate Prices Going Up?

The Contra Costa Times, Contra Costa County’s major newspaper, is reporting today that Higher Bay Area home sales, prices offer hope. It is important to notice the first paragraph of the article.

The Bay Area real estate market continued to show improvement in November due to fewer sales of bargain-priced foreclosed homes and more sales of higher-priced properties.

According to a report released Thursday by MDA DataQuick of San Diego, the median price paid for a home in November was $387,000, an 0.8 percent decrease from October, but up 10.6 percent from November 2008. Last month’s median price was the second consecutive month that saw home prices rise on a year-to-year basis since two years ago. The median is the point at which half of the homes sell for more and half sell for less. [emphasis mine]

The author, Eve Mitchell, astutely notices the reason the median home price, the price at which half of the sales were above and half of the sales were below, rose is due to more high-priced homes selling.

This doesn’t mean housing prices are actually rising, though they could be. It does mean a greater number of homes above the median price have sold in November than in November of 2008.

The article goes on to say,

In Contra Costa County, the median sales price for a home was $290,000 in November, a 9.4 percent gain from a year ago.

“We are really starting to see the high-end loosen up. Obviously, the borrowers have to be well qualified, but we are starting to see more financing.” said Robin Dickson, executive vice president of J. Rockcliff Realtors, an East Bay brokerage.

Another reason that median prices are up from a year ago is that there are fewer short sales and bank-owned foreclosure in the marketplace now, she said.

Still, she would not be surprised to see more foreclosures come into the market next year.

“We know they are out there but the banks are hanging on to them for now,” Dickson said

Foreclosure Crisis Not Over

Mish in Tip of the Iceberg With Luxury Short Sales; Fannie, Citi Suspend Foreclosures for Holiday Season, links to a Bloomberg article that states,

House

House

Homeowners with mortgages of more than $1 million are defaulting at almost twice the U.S. rate and some are turning to so-called short sales to unload properties as stock-market losses and pay cuts squeeze wealthy borrowers.

If this trend of luxury home defaults continues, expect to see more luxury real estate return to the market as bank-owned REOs. This could continue to lower the median home price.

Bloomberg also reports ‘Shadow Inventory’ of U.S. Homes Climbs, Report Says. (HT: Calculated Risk)

The number of homes that may be in the pipeline for a sale because of foreclosure and delinquency climbed about 55 percent to 1.7 million at the end of September, according to estimates by First American CoreLogic.

Rising Interest Rates Leads to Lower Prices

According to the Chicago Sun-Times, Freddie Mac is reporting the 30-year mortgage rate is up to 4.94% from 4.81% last month. Lower interest rates allow buyers to afford more house, because their monthly payment is lower. If the interest rate continues to rise,  home values may stay flat or fall as borrowers will find it difficult to qualify for higher priced homes.

Conclusion: Prices Not Likely to Rise

While news of a greater number of higher-priced homes selling is positive, it does not indicate that the value of homes is actually rising. As well, with a looming “shadow inventory” and the specter of higher interest rates in the future home prices are not likely to rise in the near future.

(Photo Credit: Modern Northwest House by pnwra)

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Filed Under: Bay Area Real Estate News, Contra Costa Real Estate Tagged With: Bay Area, Contra Costa County, East Bay, Real Estate Investing

December 11, 2009 by Peter Maclennan Leave a Comment

First-Time Home Buyer or Real Estate Investor

Real estate investment has been very rewarding to many intelligent and strategic investors. Investors that have the patience to take the long view have been well rewarded for their patience and diligence.

Many people view the purchase of their personal residence as a “real estate investment”. Rich Dad, Poor Dad author Robert Kiyosaki has challenged this idea through the definition of the word asset. He defines an asset as something that pays you money during your ownership and a liability as something that costs you money while you own it. By this definition, a personal residence does not qualify as an asset as you are not paid for ownership.

As well, best selling author of I Will teach You To Be Rich, Ramit Sethi, has shared reasons for his personal views that buying a house is not always the best advice for a young working professional. Not the least of which is the “phantom costs” of insurance, taxes, and repairs associated with owning a home.

The analysis of both these men is sound. In general, a personal residence should not be purchased for investment purposes. There are certain circumstances where buying a personal residence can in fact work as a means of investment.

Buying a Residence with Investment as a Secondary Goal


For a young, working professional, buying a home and having other people help pay your mortgage can
be a way of investing. What do I mean? You buy a house with three bedrooms and rent the other two bedrooms out to two of your friends. Or buy a duplex live in one side and rent the other side out.

With most fixed-rate 15-year and 30-year mortgages, a portion of each payment is applied to the debt owed, the principal or principal balance. This increases your home  equity. Equity is the value of your residence minus the total debts against your residence.

Home equity is a form of “forced savings”. Home equity is not easily spendable. Thus making a monthly payment towards the principal balance forces you to save a portion of each loan payment.

Having additional people to make your mortgage payment can provide you with extra cash for investment, spending, or to pay down your mortgage.

Using FHA 203(b) for First-Time Home Buyers

For the working professional using an FHA insured loan makes sense. The FHA 203(b) program allows eligible borrowers to qualify for up to 96.5% of the purchase price to be financed. These loans often have a slightly higher rate than a traditional mortgage, but offer the flexibility of a smaller down payment.

Most traditional lenders will look for at least 20% of the purchase price to be paid by the borrower. In high priced areas, like the San Francisco Bay Area, this can be a big hurdle to overcome.

FHA has stricter guidelines for what types of homes qualify. Homes have to be in livable condition and have been owned by the previous owner for at least 90 days.

A Charted Course

To apply this strategy a charted course is needed to avoid trouble.

    • Make sure your credit is in order. Pay your bills on time. Don’t run up to much credit card debt. Spend less than you earn.
    • Collect adequate savings for a “rainy day”. This should be 6-8 months of reserves. One month of reserves would cover your proposed monthly mortgage, monthly utilities, any other debt payments, food, insurance, etc. Lenders like to see that you have funds available should you be unable to work or are laid off to continue to pay your monthly obligations. It will also help you avoid anxiety and worry.
  • Determine how much house you can afford based on your current income. A single professional earning $60,000 per year would bring home about $3,600 after taxes each month. When calculating the amount you can afford to pay you should exclude any payments from your proposed roommates. You want to be sure you can make the payments without the roommates, should they leave for any reason.Lenders usually require that housing costs  should be no more than 28% of your gross monthly income. (It may be wiser to limit yourself to 25% of your take home pay.) Using the lender ratio would provide for a monthly housing costs of about $1,400 including taxes and insurance.Assuming property taxes of approximately $275 per month and insurance of $85 per month leaves $1,040 per month for loan payments. Using an interest rate of 6.50% per year our young professional could afford a house worth $164,539 on a 30-year mortgage and $119,388 on a 15-year mortgage.
  • Save for a down payment and closing costs. Notice this is separate from reserves. Once you make the down payment, you won’t have it for reserves. Plan to save between 5% -10% of the purchase price of the home. Each housing transaction has additional costs relating to transfer tax, title insurance, and escrow. Our young professional should save between$8,227 and $16,454.
  • Find and purchase your home

The whole strategy will take a number of months to accomplish and building equity in your home will take years. This is not a get rich quick strategy. This is taking the long view, charting a course, and diligently following it till you get the desired results.

Alternative Strategy

The FHA 203(b) mortgage can be used to purchased up to a 4-unit property. Using the same principal you could attempt to purchase a building that will generate income from the other units.

A Note About Investing

The key to any investment strategy is not to risk more than you can afford to lose. If losing your down payment is more than you can afford to lose mentally, emotionally, or financially do not risk it by investing. Each investor has their own risk tolerance. For some investors, they can only tolerate the risk that a CD at the bank offers. Others are willing to take bigger risks. Find the level of risk that is suitable for you and invest accordingly.

(House Photo: james.thompson)

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Filed Under: CA Real Estate, Real Estate Investing Tagged With: Accumulation Phase, Investment Opportunities, Real Estate Investing, Real Estate Investors

December 8, 2009 by Peter Maclennan Leave a Comment

Selling Tax Deferred Properties at a Loss Still Can Trigger a Taxable Gain

One of the benefits of holding real estate for investment is the ability to defer taxes on capital gains through what is known as a 1031 exchange. Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code provides for investors to delay capital gains on the sale of property as long as they invest the proceeds in a “like-kind” (same type) investment within 180 days.

Real estate investors have been using 1031 exchanges for decades to defer gains in properties and use the proceeds to invest in larger properties. With the recent decline in real estate values and the loss of some properties through foreclosure, 1031 exchanges may actually trigger capital gains tax for real estate investors.

The California Real Estate Journal detailed this dilemma in an article on September 14, 2009.

For the thousands of people who have invested in 1031 tax-deferred exchanges, the real estate downturn may be coming home to roost.

Section 1031 exchanges allow real estate investors to defer their capital gains taxes as long as they roll the gain from the sale of one property into the purchase of a like-kind replacement property. With today’s sharp decline in commercial real estate values, their current property likely is worth less than what they paid for it.

If they sell their property, even if they don’t make money on the sale, they are going to trigger the capital gains taxes that were due from their previous sales. Selling at a loss does not eliminate those deferred taxes, according to Daniel Oschin, managing director of BGK-Integrated Group and president of BGK-Integrated Investment Services.

“Your taxes are never wiped out,” Oschin said.

It’s a situation that is likely to hit home with people who have traded properties over three, four or even five different legs of a 1031 exchange, re-leveraging them over the years and rolling significant gains into the property they’re currently holding.

What appears to be a loss, may in fact trigger taxable income, because of a low tax basis. This unfortunate situation can leave a real estate investor caught trying to find cash to pay Uncle Sam. (Jeff Brown details how this catastrophe was avoided here.)

Competent tax professionals are necessary for every real estate investor. A CPA or tax attorney should be contacted when considering a real estate investment decision.

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Filed Under: Benefits of Real Estate Investing, CA Real Estate, Real Estate Investing Tagged With: Real Estate Investor, Real Estate Investors, Section 1031 Exchanges

November 24, 2009 by Peter Maclennan 1 Comment

Investing in Real Estate Notes

A note is a signed document between two parties acknowledging a debt and promising repayment. Simply put it is a promise to pay.

Bob borrows $10,000 from Paul to buy a house and signs a note for $10,000 agreeing to repay the debt in one year with 6% interest.

A note can be secured by real estate. This allows the lender to sell the property if the borrower does not faithfully repay the debt as agreed in the note.

In many states a mortgage is used to secure a note with real estate. In California the most popular means of securing a note with real estate is a trust deed or deed of trust.

Many notes are originated when a piece of real estate is sold. If the buyer is unable to procure financing to buy the property outright, the seller may “carry back” a note secured by a deed of trust.

For instance, Bob is buying a house from Paul for $100,000. Bob has $15,000 cash and is able to get a bank loan for $75,000. This leaves him short of the purchase price by $10,000. Paul can take a note from Bob promising to pay $10,000 if Bob is willing to pay interest on the $10,000 and repay the balance in 5 years. Both parties win. Paul is able to sell the house and Bob is able to buy the house.

Notes as Investments

A note is similar in concept to annuity. The investor makes an initial investment, the loan. If all goes according to plan, the investor receives steady payments from the borrower until the debt is repaid.

Notes are generally good investments for those that have reached their retirement years. Notes offer income to the investor that can be used to fund monthly expenses.

Real Estate Note Variety

Real estate notes come in all sizes and shapes. Notes can be secured by homes, office buildings, shopping centers, apartments, vacant land, or warehouses. Notes can range in value from a few thousand dollars to millions of dollars.

Buying Notes

Notes are often sold when the original lender needs a lump sum, rather than income.

For instance, Paul needs to pay his daughter’s college tuition of $7,500. The $50 of monthly interest is not sufficient to pay the tuition and he requires a lump sum.

Paul could sell his note to an investor. If the investor pays the face value on the note, $10,000, the investor will receive a 6% return on their money until the note is repaid.

Discounting Notes

If an note holder is willing to accept less than the face value of the note, this note is said to be discounted. The note buyer will be able to realize a return greater than the stated rate.

For instance, Paul loans Bob $10,000 for one year at 6% interest due at the end of the year. That same day Paul sells the note to Jim for $9,500. Jim will earn a return of 11.58% on his investment of $9,500.

For the savvy investor, buying notes at a discount can be a great means of earning above average returns.

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Filed Under: Benefits of Real Estate Investing, Real Estate Investing Tagged With: Cash Flow, Real Estate Investing, Real Estate Notes

September 29, 2009 by Peter Maclennan Leave a Comment

The Mrs.’ Question #4: Can I get money out of my real estate investment at any time or will I have to wait?

This post is one in a series of posts featuring my wife, The Mrs. I asked her to pretend that she was a wealthy woman with $2,000,000 (million) to invest. This money was needed to provide her for the rest of her life. She is to ask questions that might come up in the course of investigating a new investment advisor. Please check back for more questions.

Question #4: Can I get money out of my real estate investment at any time or will I have to wait?

Real estate is generally a long-term investment. If you have a need for the money you are intending to invest in the next two to five years, real estate is probably not the best investment choice.

Liquidity

Liquidity is defined as: the ability to convert an asset to cash quickly. Also known as “marketability”.

Unfortunately, real estate is not very liquid or easily converted to cash.

The high value of real estate makes it difficult to easily convert it to cash, because buyers often don’t have enough cash lying around to buy a piece of real estate. As well, there are a limited number of buyers that will be interested in any piece of property, reducing marketability.

Quick Cash

There are ways to get cash out of real estate quickly. However, these methods often require selling below the full value or taking out a high interest loan.

The Need for Planning

As we work together to chart a course to retirement freedom, we hope to identify future needs for cash. In our analysis we would include items like college tuition, weddings, and anniversary cruises.

Reserves

If we choose to work together, Maclennan Investment Group requires each investor to have a reserve account that will allow them to meet unforeseen expenses and to cover vacancies in their investments. Usually, this is 3-6 months of property expenses.

In general, you are able to pull cash out of your real estate investment once the property sells or through refinancing the property, if the value has increased.

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Filed Under: Mrs.' Questions, Real Estate Investing

August 27, 2009 by Peter Maclennan Leave a Comment

The Mrs.’ Question #3: How often will I get money or interest from my real estate investment?

This post is one in a series of posts featuring my wife, The Mrs. I asked her to pretend that she was a wealthy woman with $2,000,000 (million) to invest. This money was needed to provide her for the rest of her life. She is to ask questions that might come up in the course of investigating a new investment advisor. Please check back for more questions.

Question # 3: How often do I get money from my real estate investment?

Their are many different types of real estate investments. They range from bare land and developed lots, to office buildings and houses.

Most of the investments that we assist our clients with are income-producing investments. This means that the properties have a tenant (renter), of some kind, that pays rent.

Typically, an agreement is made between a landlord and tenant through a written lease. The lease will spell out the details of how much the rent is and how often it will be paid.

The majority of leases are written to receive monthly rent. Some leases are over longer periods of time. For instance, agricultural land is generally leased on an annual basis. But the majority of leases are written with monthly rent.

Generally, Monthly Income

Most investors when they start out will invest in multi-family investments. Rent is usually collected on a monthly basis. Therefore, you can expect to get monthly income.

The amount of income can vary from month to month. Buildings need repairs, tenants move out, and taxes need to be paid all affecting net income.

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Filed Under: Mrs.' Questions, Real Estate Investing Tagged With: Investment Property, Real Estate Investing

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